2012年英语二阅读理解Text2

第一段

①Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls' lives.②It is not that pink is intrinsically bad, but it is such a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fuses girls' identity to appearance.③Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence.④Looking around, I despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls' lives and interests.

单词&词组

1. pervasive  a. 普遍的，无处不在的

2. intrinsically  ad. 从本质上（讲）

3. celebrate  v. 表扬、歌颂

4. fuse v. 使熔合

5. singular  a. 突出的，非凡的

6. pretty in pink  穿粉色好看，粉红佳人

7. be obsessed with...  痴迷于……

8. be pervasive in...  充斥于……

9. a tiny slice of...  ……的一小片

10. fuse... to...  将……和……熔合在一起

11. singular lack of imagination  纯粹缺乏想象力

本段翻译

穿粉色好看：成年女性不记得自己曾如此痴迷这种颜色，然而它却充斥着我们年轻女孩的生活。并不是粉色本身不好，而是它只是七色彩虹中那么一丝而已。虽说粉色在某种程度上能为少女时代添色，但它也一而再地，强有力地将女孩特质与其外表相熔合。此后，粉色就呈现出女孩间，甚至两岁女孩间的共性：纯真，而且粉色也被当成了女孩纯真的证明。环顾四周，我绝望地发现，人们对女孩生活和兴趣的想象是如此地贫乏。

第二段

①Girls' attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it is not.②Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them.③What's more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses.④When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength.⑤Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolized femininity.⑥It was not until the mid-1980s，when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children's marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.

单词&词组

1. encoded in one's DNA  编码至某人DNA

2. encode  v. 编码，加密

3. associate  a. 副的

4. nursery  n. 育儿室，托儿所

5. pastel  a. （色彩）淡的，柔和的

6. amplify  v. 扩大，增强

7. associate professor  副教授

8. domestic washing machine  家用洗衣机

9. as a practical matter  出于实用角度

10. gender-neutral dress  中性衣服

11. marketing strategy  市场策略

本段翻译

女孩对粉色的青睐看起来似乎是无法避免的，似乎在某种程度上被编码进了她们的DNA。不过， 根据美国研究副教授乔·帕雷提的说法，情况不是这样的。20世纪初以前，儿童根本没有颜色编码：在家用洗衣机问世之前的年代里，出于实用角度，所有婴儿都穿白色衣服，因为将衣服洗干净的唯一方法是将衣服煮沸。而且，男孩、女孩都穿着被认为是中性的衣服。当育儿颜色引入之时，粉色实际上被认为是更具男性特征的颜色，是红色的清淡柔和版，与力量相关。而蓝色象征着女性特征，令人联想到圣母玛利亚，代表着坚贞与忠诚。直到20世纪80年代中期，随着强化年龄和性别差异成为儿童市场主要营销策略时，粉色才盛行起来，开始对女孩产生一种看似固有的吸引力，这让粉色成为定义女性特质的一部分，至少在最初关键的几年里是如此。

第三段

①I had not realized how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development.②Take the toddler. I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into children's behavior: wrong.③Turns out, according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularized as a marketing trick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s.

单词&词组

1. dictate  v. 控制，支配

2. toddler  n. 幼童

3. consumerism  n. 消费主义

4. marketing trend  营销趋势

5. core belief  核心观念

6. psychological development  心理发展

7. turn out  结果是

8. marketing trick  营销技巧

9. clothing manufacture  服装制造商

本段翻译

我之前并没有意识到，我们对儿童天性的看法深受市场营销趋势的支配，包括我们对他们心理发展的核心观念。以学步的儿童为例，我曾以为这个阶段只是专家对儿童行为的多年研究之后界定的结果：但是我错了。根据研究儿童消费主义的历史学家丹尼尔·库克的说法，它实际上是20世纪30年代被服装制造商作为一种营销技巧而得以普及。

第四段

①Trade publications counselled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a “third stepping stone” between infant wear and older kids' clothes.② It was only after “toddler” became a common shoppers' term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage.③Splitting kids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits.④And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences-or invent them where they did not previously exist.

单词&词组

1. counsel  v. 建议

2. split  v. 分裂，分开

3. segment  v. 分割，划分，细分

4. magnify  v. 放大，扩大

5. trade publication  贸易出版物

6. department store  百货商店

7. increase sales  增加销售额，增加业绩

8. stepping stone  踏脚石，跳板

9. shopper's term  购物者用语

10. a sure-fire way to...  ……的绝佳办法

11. boost profits  提高利润

12. segment a market  细分市场

本段翻译

贸易出版物建议百货商店：要增加销量就应该在婴儿服装和稍大一些孩子的服装之间创建“第三跳板”。直到“蹒跚学步儿童”变成一个常见购物者用语之后，这一“第三跳板”才演变为人们普遍认可的儿童发展阶段。将儿童或者成年人细分为更小的类别已经被证实一定能使商家增加利润。而对市场进行细分的一个最简单办法就是放大性别差异或者当性别差异并非明显存在时创造出性别差异。

五道题

26. By saying “it is…the rainbow” (Line 2, Para.1), the author means pink________.

[A] should not be the sole representation of girlhood

[B] should not be associated with girls' innocence

[C] cannot explain girls' lack of imagination

[D] cannot influence girls' lives and interests

27. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?

[A] Colors are encoded in girls' DNA.

[B] Blue used to be regarded as the colour for girls.

[C] Pink used to be a neutral colour in symbolizing genders.

[D] White is preferred by babies.

28. The author suggests that our perception of children's psychological development was much influenced by________.

[A] the marketing of products for children

[B] the observation of children's nature

[C] researches into children's behavior

[D] studies of childhood consumption

29. We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised to________.

[A] focus on infant wear and older kids' clothes

[B] attach equal importance to different genders

[C] classify consumers into smaller groups

[D] create some common shoppers' terms

30. It can be concluded that girls' attraction to pink seems to be________.

[A] clearly explained by their inborn tendency

[B] fully understood by clothing manufacturers

[C] mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmen

[D] well interpreted by psychological experts

参考答案

CBBAC

选项翻译

26.作者讲“它仅仅是彩虹中的一丝颜色”(第一段第三行)，是指粉色______

[A]无法成为女孩缺乏想象力的理由

[B]不应该与女孩的纯真相联系

[C]不应该成为女性的唯一代表颜色

[D]不能影响女孩的生活和喜好

27.根据第二段，下面关于颜色的表述哪一个正确?

[A] 对色彩的喜爱是由女孩的DNA决定的。

[B]蓝色过去被认为是代表女孩的颜色。

[C]婴儿更喜欢白色。

[D]在代表性别的颜色中，粉色曾是个中性颜色。

28.作者认为我们对儿童心理发展的认知深受的影响。

[A]对儿童本性的观察

[B]儿童产品的市场营销

[C]对儿童行为的研究

[D]对儿童消费的研究

29.从第四段我们可推知，百货商店被建议

[A]将顾客细分为更小的群体

[B]对不同性别都重视

[C]将重心放在婴儿服装和大龄儿童服装上

[D]创造出一些购物者的用语

30.可推断出，女孩痴迷粉色______

[A]服装制造非常了解女孩喜欢粉色这个事实

[B]女孩喜欢粉色是由她们的天性所决定的

[C]主要是被追求利润增长的商人强加而来的

[D]心理学家给出了很好的诠释

答案解析

26、根据题干定位至首段②句， 句意推断题应从其上下文寻找答题线索， 考生应该从but前内容“倒不是说粉色本身有什么不好”和and后内容“粉色在某种程度上能够烘托女孩特质”着手， 结合句意“粉色仅仅是彩虹颜色中的一小部分”可推知，粉色并不能烘托出女孩的所有特质，它与女孩之间的联系被强化了，女孩特质应该有除粉色之外的其他代表，她们真正的生活是多姿多彩的，[C]最贴近文意。

27、第二段⑤句明确指出，蓝色由于与圣母玛利亚联系在一起，带有坚定忠诚的意义，被用来代表女性。[B]符合文意。

28、根据题干our perception of children's psychological development定位至第三段①句。该句明确指出，市场营销的趋势很大程度上决定了人们对儿童心理发展的认知，随后以学步儿童阶段例证，人们广泛接受这一阶段仅由于受20世纪30年代服装制造商的市场营销策略的影响。因此，[B]正确。

29、根据题干关键词department stores were advised to可直接定位至第四段， 段中①句指出百货商店被建议在婴儿服装和大龄儿童服装之间创造一个“第三跳板”，紧跟着③句明确指出，把孩子或大人再细分为更小的类别是增加利润的一个万无一失的办法，选项[A]与文意相符，故正确。

30、文章开篇描述了粉色主宰了现代女孩生活的现状，随后究其原因，指出不是基因决定了女孩对粉色的痴迷，而是由于商人为了追求利润增长而采取的营销策略所导致的。文章从第二段起就开始出现诸如marketing strategy、marketing trends、market trick、segment a market等关键词， 都一致强调了市场营销策略的影响力。选项[C]符合全文主旨要义。