2007年英语一阅读理解Text2

第一段

For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured acolumn called “Ask Marilyn.” People are invited to query Marilyn vos Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old; that gave her an IQ of 228—the highest score ever recorded. IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper after it has been folded and cut, and to deduce numericalsequences, among other similar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields suchqueries from the average Joe (whose IQ is 100) as, What’s the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.

单词&词组搭配

1. supplement [ˈsʌplɪment]（出现3次）n.增补物，增刊，副刊；v.补充
   

2. feature [ˈfiːtʃər]（出现11次）06年T4为“特写”的意思，这篇文章的意思为“以...为特色”

3. column [ˈkɑːləm]（出现2次）报刊中的专栏，圆柱物体

4. query [ˈkwɪri] v.向...提问；n.疑问；（两个意思在本段都体现了）

5. verbal [ˈvɜːrbl]（出现7次）adj.口头的，逐字的，文字的，言语的，词语的

6. visual [ˈvɪʒuəl]（出现3次）adj.视觉的；n.视觉资料，图像

7. analogy [əˈnælədʒi]（出现1次）类比，类推

8. envision [ɪnˈvɪʒn] v.想象，设想

9. deduce [dɪˈduːs]（出现4次）推理，推断

10. sequence [ˈsiːkwəns]（出现6次）n.一系列，一连串，顺序

11. coincidence [koʊˈɪnsɪdəns]（出现3次）n.巧合，并存，观点一致

12. pattern [ˈpætərn]（出现17次）n.模式，样式，图案；[僻义]n.典范，榜样；v.模仿，按....仿造

13. elude [iˈluːd] v.难倒

14. philosopher [fəˈlɑːsəfər] n.哲学家

15. figure out（计算出）

本段翻译

在过去的几年中，报纸周日副刊《大观》开设了一个版名以“问问玛丽莲”的特色的专栏。人们被邀请向玛丽莲提问，她在10岁的时候测得的智力水平相当于普通人23岁左右，也就是智商为228，这是有记录以来的最高分数。IQ测试要求你完成文字和视觉类推理、想象纸张经折叠和剪切后的形状、推导数字序列，以及其他类似的任务。因此，玛丽莲能巧妙应对普通人提出的诸如“爱与喜爱有何区别”或“运气和巧合的本质是什么”这类问题，这有点让人费解。想象物体形状和破解数值模式的能力如何能使人解答那些曾难倒一些最优秀诗人和哲学家的问题，这一点难以理解。

第二段

Clearly, intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. Just what does it mean to be smart? How much of intelligence can be specified, and how much can we learn about it from neurology, genetics, computer science and other fields?

单词&词组

1. encompass [ɪnˈkʌmpəs] v.包含，包括
   

2. specify [ˈspesɪfaɪ]（出现2次）v.具体说明

3. neurology [nʊˈrɑːlədʒi] n.神经学
   

本段翻译

很明显，智力不止包含一次测试的一个得分。那么什么才叫“聪明”呢？智力有多少可以被明确？我们从神经学、遗传学、计算机科学和其他领域中又能对智力了解多少呢？

第三段

The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. The test comes primarily in two forms: the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (both come in adult and children’s version). Generally costing several hundred dollars, they are usually given only by psychologists, although variations of them populate bookstores and the World Wide Web. Superhigh scores like vos Savant’s are no longer possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age peers, rather than simplydividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by 100. Other standardized tests, such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), capture the main aspects of IQ tests.

单词&词组

1. variation [ˌveriˈeɪʃn]（出现5次）变化，变异，变种

2. populate  [ˈpɑːpjuleɪt]（出现26次）居住于，事物在...中占有位置
   

3. distribution [ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃn]（出现4次）n。分布

4. peer [pɪr]（出现17次）n.同辈，同等地位人；v.凝视

5. chronological  [ˌkrɑːnəˈlɑːdʒɪkl] adj.按时间计算的

6. multiply [ˈmʌltɪplaɪ](出现1次) v.乘，繁殖

7. divide by（除以）
   

本段翻译

尽管如今IQ测试已经不像以前那么频繁的被使用，但是IQ分数似乎仍是定义人类智力的术语。IQ测试主要有两种形式：斯坦福——比纳智力量表和韦克斯勒智力量表（二者都有成人和儿童版）。这两种测试形式费用一般是几百美元，通常只由心理学家提供，不过他们的改版在书店和互联网上随处可见。像玛丽莲那样超高的分数不可能再出现，因为现在分数计算是以同龄群体在统计学意义上的人口分布为基础的，而不是简单地用智力年龄除以生理年龄再乘以100。其他标准化测试，比如学术评估测验（SAT）和研究生入学考试（GRE），都充分体现了IQ测试的主要特点。

第四段

Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and in life, argues Robert J. Sternberg. In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”, Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components alsocritical to problem solving and life success. Moreover, IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change. Research has found that IQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions, but under high-stress conditions, IQ was negatively correlated with leadership—that is, it predicted the opposite. Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether it’s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip.

单词&词组

1. assess [əˈses]（出现13次）评估
   

2. component [kəmˈpoʊnənt]（出现5次）部件，因素，组成部分

3. fail to（失败做某事）

4. practical knowledge（实用性知识）

5. be critical to（对。。。至关重要）

6. be correlated with（与...相关）

7. toil through（克服，通过）
   

本段翻译

罗伯特指出，这类标准化测试也许不能评估在学业和生活中取得成功所必需的所有重要因素。罗伯特在他的《智力测试有多智能？》一文中指出，传统测试能够对分析能力和语言能力做出最佳的评价，但是不能评估创造能力和实践能力知识。而这两个因素对于解决问题和在生活中取得成功也至关重要。此外，一旦受试群体或是环境发生改变，IQ测试不一定能做出正确的预测。研究发现，当在压力小的情况下进行测试时，IQ能预示领导能力的高低；但是在压力大的情况下，IQ与领导能力呈负相关——也就是说，根据智商预测出的领导能力与实际情况相反。任何经经历过“学术能力评估测试”的人都可以证明，应试技巧也是很重要的，无论是知道何时应该猜测或是何题应该跳过。

文章略读

文章主要讲的是“智力测试不能全面的体现人的智力高低和实际能力的强弱”。文章主要围绕IQ测试展开，主要讲了“IQ测试内容、形式和评分标准”，表明IQ测试的分数其实不是充分的观点。这篇文与前一篇文章一样属于观点论证型的文章，不同的是07年T1属于驳斥立论类的文章，而这篇文章属于立论类文章，既然是观点论证型的文章，重点就是要让读这篇文章的人摒弃原来错误、过时的观点，通过论证过程让读者接受正确的观点。

①第一段作者通过一个IQ高分者应对人类疑难问题提出质疑，引导到本文探讨的问题“智商测试的局限”

②第二段作者明确提出IQ分数不能全面体现智力。

③第三段主要在讲IQ测试方法及标准

④第四段指出IQ测试标准的缺点，并表明作者的观点。

5道题

26. Which of the following may be required in an intelligence test?

[A] Answering philosophical questions.

[B] Folding or cutting paper into different shapes.

[C] Telling the differences between certain concepts.

[D] Choosing words or graphs similar to the given ones.

27. What can be inferred about intelligence testing from Paragraph3?[A] People no longer use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence.

[B] More versions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet.

[C] The test contents and formats for adults and children may be different.

[D] Scientists have defined the important elements of human intelligence.

28. People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scores as high as vos Savant's because

[A] the scores are obtained through different computational procedures.

[B] creativity rather than analytical skills is emphasized now.

[C] vos Savant's case is an extreme one that will not repeat.

[D] the defining characteristic of IQ tests has changed.

29. We can conclude from the last paragraph that

[A] test scores may not be reliable indicators of one's ability.

[B] IQ scores and SAT results are highly correlated.

[C] testing involves a lot of guesswork.

[D] traditional tests are out of date.

30. What is the author's attitude towards IQ tests?

[A] Supportive.

[B] Skeptical.[C] Impartial.

[D] Biased.

选项词汇

1. indictor（指标）

2. emphasis（强调）

3. guesswork（猜测行为）

4. impartial（公正的）

5. biased（有偏见的）态度题出现就不选

参考答案

DCAAB