2021年英语二阅读理解Text1

第一段

①“Reskilling” is something that sounds like a buzzword but is actually a requirement if we plan to have a future where a lot of would-be workers do not get left behind.②We know we are moving into a period where the jobs in demand will change rapidly, as will the requirements of the jobs that remain.③Research by the World Economic Forum finds that on average 42 per cent of the “core skills” within job roles will change by 2022.④That is a very short timeline.

单词&词组

1. reskilling n.再培训）

2. requirement n.要求；必要条件）

3. would-be a.想要成为……的；未来的

4. get left behind 落伍；被时代淘汰

5. in demand很需要的

6. forum n.论坛

7. timeline n.时间期限经典搭配

本段翻译

“再培训”虽然听上去像个时髦词，但实际上，如果我们希望未来的劳动力不被大量抛弃，那它就是一件必须要做的事情。众所周知，我们正步入这样一个时期；(社会)所需的工作岗位将迅速变化，而剩余工作岗位的要求也将迅速变化。世界经济论坛的研究发现，到2022年，各类职业中平均42%的“核心技能”将发生变化。这是非常短的时间。

第二段

①The question of who should pay for reskilling is a thorny one.②For individual companies, the temptation is always to let go of workers whose skills are no longer demand and replace them with those whose skills are.③That does not always happen.④AT&T is often given as the gold standard of a company who decided to do a massive reskilling program rather than go with a fire-and-hire strategy.⑤Other companies including Amazon and Disney had also pledged to create their own plans.⑥When the skills mismatch is in the broader economy though, the focus usually turns to government to handle.⑦Efforts in Canada and elsewhere have been arguably languid at best, and have given us a situation where we frequently hear of employers begging for workers. even at times and in regions where unemployment is high.

单词&词组

1. thorny a.棘手的

2. temptation n.诱惑；诱惑人的东西

3. gold standard在同类事物中作为尺规的好事物

4. massive a.庞大的；大规模的

5. pledge v.承诺；发誓

6. mismatch n.不匹配；错配

7. arguably ad.可论证地；可以说

8. at best充其量；至多

本段翻译

“谁该为再培训付费”是一个棘手的问题。对各公司来说，解雇技能过时的员工，用掌握紧缺技能的人取而代之，这一直是个有吸引力的办法。当然，这也并非必然。美国电话电报公司(AT&.T)便常常被奉为(反其道而行之的)完美范例，该公司采用了大规模的技能再培训方案，而非“先裁后聘”的策略。其他包括亚马逊和迪士尼在内的公司也已承诺会制定各自的方案。不过，在更宏观的经济层面看待技能不匹配这一现象时，人们往往将焦点投向政府，希望由其来解决这一问题，当前，加拿大及其他地方所作的努力充其量只能说是迟缓无力的，结果造成了这样一个局面：即便是在高失业率时期和地区，我们也经常听到雇主急缺员工。

第三段

①With the pandemic, unemployment is very high indeed.②In February, at 3.5 per cent and 5.5 per cent respectively, unemployment rates in Canada and the United States were at generational lows and worker shortages were everywhere.③As of May, those rates had spiked up to 13.3 per cent and 13.7per cent, and although many worker shortages had disappeared, not all had done so.④In the medical field, to take an obvious example, the pandemic meant that there were still clear shortages of doctors, nurses and other medical personnel.

单词&词组

1. respectively ad.分别；各自

2. unemployment rates失业率

3. generational a.一代的

4. worker shortages员工短缺

5. take an example举个例子

本段翻译

由于疫情，失业率的确居高不下。二月份，加拿大和美国的失业率分别为3.5%和5.5%，处于近二三十年低点，员工短缺问题遍布各地。到了五月，两国的失业率解升至13.3%和13.7%。尽管许多员工短缺问题已不复存在，但并非都是如此。举个显而易见的例子，在医疗领域，疫情表明医生、护士以及其他医务人员仍然处于明显短缺状态。

第四段

①Of course, it is not like you can take an unemployed waiter and train him to be a doctor in a few weeks, no matter who pays for it.②But even if you cannot close that gap, maybe you can close others, and doing so would be to the benefit of all concerned.③That seems to be the case in Sweden: when forced to furlough 90 per cent of their cabin staff, Scandinavian Airlines decided to start up a short retraining program that reskilled the laid-off wrkers to support hospital staff.④The effort was a collective one and involved other companies as well as a Swedish university.

单词&词组

1. all concerned有关各方

2. furlough v.使被迫休假

3. cabin staff空乘人员

4. start up（使）启动，开始

5. laid-off a.被解雇的

本段翻译

当然，这并不是说我们可以收下一个失业的服务员，不管谁来为此付钱，在几周内把他培训成医生。但是，即使不能弥合这个缺口，我们或许可以弥合其他缺口，这样做将对相关各方都有利。瑞典的情况似乎就是如此：北欧航空公司90%的空乘人员被迫休假后，该公司决定启动一项短期再培训方案，重新培训下岗员工来支援医护人员。这是一项集体行动，其他公司以及一所瑞典大学也参与其中。

五道题

21.Research by the World Economic Forum suggests_______      

A.an increase in full-time employment

B. an urgent demand for new job skills

C.a steady growth of job opportunities

D.a controversy about the “core skills”

22.AT&T is cited to show________      

A. an alternative to the fire-and-hire strategy

B.an immediate need for government support

C.the importance of staff appraisal standards

D.the characteristics of reskilling program

23.Efforts to resolve the skills mismatch in Canada________      

A.have driven up labour costs

B.have proved to be inconsistent

C.have met with fierce opposition

D. have appeared to be insufficient

24.We can learn from Paragraph 3 that there was_______      

A.a call for policy adjustment

B.a change in hiring practices

C. a lack of medical workers

D.a sign of economic recovery

25.Scandinavian Airlines decided to______

A.Great job vacancies for the unemployed

B. Prepare their laid-off workers for other jobs

C.Retrain their cabin staff for better services

D.finance their staff' s college education

参考答案

BADCB

答案解析

21、根据题干关键词Research by the World Economic Forum定位至首段③句， 该句介绍世界经济论坛的研究发现：到2022年，各类职业中平均42%的“核心技能”将发生变化。这一研究发现支撑了②句“工作岗位的技能需求将迅速发生变化”这一时代趋势。结合末句“到2022年是非常短的时间”可知，未来的工作岗位迫切需要新的工作技能，[B]正确。

22、第二段②句指出，面对技能需求问题，大多数公司的做法是解雇技能过时的员工，用掌握紧缺技能的人取而代之，即“先裁后聘"策略。③句转而指出，情况并非总是如此，并以④句AT&T的做法为例予以说明：AT&T选择了大规模的技能再培训方案而非“先裁后聘”策略，为反其道面行之提供了一个完美范例。故引用AT&T旨在说明再培训方案能够很好地替代“先裁后聘”策略，[A]正确。

23、第二段末句指出，加拿大及其他地方所作的努力充其量只能说是迟缓无力的，这导致即便在高失业率的时期和地区，雇主也常急缺雇员。可见，加拿大为解决技能不匹配问题所作的努力仍然不够，[D]正确。

24、第三段①句指出，疫情期间失业率居高不下。随后，②③句以具体数据说明疫情导致失业率大幅走高(潜在逻辑：疫情加剧→用人单位用工需求下降→失业率大幅走高)，然后转折指出员工短缺的问题依然存在。④句进而以医疗领域员工短缺的现象为例予以佐证。由此可见，[C]正确。

25、由题干关键词Scandinavian Airlines快速定位至末段③句。该句指出， 北欧航空公司决定重新培训其下岗员工，以期让他们支援医护人员。[B]与此意相符。