2018年英语二阅读理解Text1

第一段

①It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.

单词&词组

1. It's curious that...  有些奇怪

2. justify  v. 证明别人认为不合理的事有道理，为……辩护

3. effort  n. 努力，试图

本段翻译

Stephen Koziatek感到好像必须要证明自己给学生一个更好未来的努力是合理的，这有点奇怪。

第二段

①Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering.②He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical.③When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?

单词&词组

1. pioneering  a. 开创性的，探索性的

2. practical  a. 实际的，动手的

3. mechanical memorization  机械记忆

4. accepted wisdom  传统信念，普遍看法

5. name  v. 叫出，说出

6. utterly  ad. 完全地，十足地

7. overwhelm  v. 使不知所措

本段翻译

Koziatek先生是某一开创性行动的一部分、他任教于新罕布什尔州一所高中，在这里，学习不是关乎书本、测试以及机械记忆，而是关平实践。究竟何时人们开始普遍认为，学生就该叫得出美国第13任总统的名字，却面对断裂的自行车链完全不知所措?

第三段

①As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything.②Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum.③They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.

单词&词组

1. graffiti  v. 涂鸦，乱涂乱画

2. assemble a bicycle  组装自行车

本段翻译

Koziatek知道， 万事皆学问。逼迫学生坐在胡乱涂鸦的、沾满一届又一届学生丢弃的口香糖的桌子前学习几何，不一定能有任何收获。他们还可以通过安装自行车学习几何。

第四段

①But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice.②Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority.③Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype...that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,” he says.

单词&词组

1. insidious  a. 暗中危害的

2. prejudice  n. 偏见

3. working with hands  用双手工作，实践性劳动

4. inferiority  n. 低等，劣等

5. vocational education  职业教育

6. make it  （尤指在困难情况下）赶上；获得成功

7. academically  ad. 纯理论地，学术上地［与实践相对］

本段翻译

但他也发现了一种暗中为害的偏见。用你的双手工作几乎被视为一种低劣的标记。职业教育家族的学校们“有这样一种模式化观念…它面向的是那些无法取得学业成功的孩子”，他说道。

第五段

①On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution.②Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was.③The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.④More education is the new principle.⑤We want more for our kids, and rightfully so.

单词&词组

1. evaporate  v. 逐渐消逝

本段翻译

一方面，那种观点是美国发展的合理产物。制造业已不再是曾经的经济引擎。美国经济曾提供给高中毕业生的工作安稳很大程度上已逐渐消逝。“更多教育”是如今的新原则。我们想要孩子接受更多的教育，且理应如此。

第六段

①But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all-and the subtle devaluing of anything less-misses an important point: That’s not the only thing the American economy needs.②Yes, a bachelor’s degree opens more doors.③But even now,54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.④But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.

单词&词组

1. bachelor's degree  学士学位

2. subtle  a. 微妙的

3. devalue  v. 贬低

本段翻译

但慌不择路地将所有人推进学士学位——并微妙地贬抑其他较低的一切——忽略了重要的一点：那并非美国经济唯一所需。确实，学士学位会打开更多扇门。但就算是现在，我们国家依然有54%的工作是中等技能工作，如建筑和高技能制造。但仅有44%的工人接受过足够的培训。

第七段

①In other words, at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face.②There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them.③Koziatek’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.

单词&词组

1. in other words  换句话说

2. turn sth. on its head  使人完全改变思路

3. vanish  v. 消失

4. be equipped to do sth.  能够胜任做某事

本段翻译

换言之，在一个“工人阶级已完全改变了这个国家的政治思路、因曾经定义美国的机会逐渐消逝而受挫”的时代，一个明显的解决办法一直就摆在我们的面前。工人阶级职位有缺口，但最需要这些工作的工人们并不具备做它们的能力。Koziatek的曼彻斯特技术高中正在试图填补那一缺口。

第八段

①Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call.②When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts.

单词&词组

1. wake-up call  叫醒电话，警示，警钟
   

2. one-size-fits-all  一刀切

3. risk doing sth.  冒险做某事

本段翻译

Koziatek的学校无异于一通叫醒电话(警示)。当教育变得一刀切时，它是在拿一国的天赋多样性冒险。

五道题

21.A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students’ lack of______.

[A]practical ability  

[B] academic training

[C]pioneering spirit  

[D]mechanical memorization

22.There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who_______       

[A]have a stereotyped mind  

[B]have no career motivation

[C] are not academically successful  

[D] are financially disadvantaged

23.we can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates______     

[A] used to have big financial concerns  

[B] used to have more job opportunities

[C] are reluctant to work in manufacturing

[D] are entitled to more educational privileges

24.The headlong push into bachelor's degrees for all_______     

[A]helps create a lot of middle-skill jobs

[B]may narrow the gap in working-class jobs

[C] is expected to yield a better-trained workforce

[D] indicates the overvaluing of higher education

25.The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as_______

[A] supportive  

[B] tolerant

[C] disappointed  

[D] cautious

参考答案

ACBDA

答案解析

21、第二段①②句指出：Koz i atek所在高中开创性地将学习视为“不是关乎书本， 而是关乎实际”，③句反问：究竟何时人们开始普遍认为“学生应该能够说出第13任总统的名字、却面对断裂的自行车链不知所措”。可见，提及“自行车链事例”是为了说明“学生实际动手能力的欠缺”，[A]正确。

22、第四段指出一种偏见：认为体力劳动是劣等的，职业教育是面向“无法取得学业成功的孩子”.可见[C]正确。

23、第五段②③句指出，随着制造业不再是经济引擎，美国经济曾经提供给高中毕业生的工作保障大部分已消失，即，高中毕业生曾因制造业的繁荣而享有比现在多的工作机会，[B]正确。

24、第六段①句指出，“向所有人推行学士学位、并暗中贬低其他较低的一切”并非美国经济唯一所需。②③句进一步指出，学士学位虽然会带来更多机会，但美国大部分的工作依然是中等技能工作。可见，“让所有人读大学”高估了高等教育对“给个人带来工作机会”以及“满足美国经济所需”的重要性，[D]正确。

25、首段指出Koz i atek在努力给学生一个更好的未来。第二、三段介绍Koz i atek所在高中的开创性教学，并指出这是一种可行的学习方式，符合学习的多样性。第四至七段批驳当前偏见，指出这符合当前经济发展所需及学生就业所需。末段概括评论：这无异于叫醒电话、令人清醒。可见，作者对Koz i atek所在学校非常支持， [A] 正确。