2016年英语二阅读理解Text1

第一段

It’s true that high-school coding classes aren’t essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon’s School of Computer Science.

单词&词组

1. coding  n. 编码，编程

2. essential  a. 必不可少的

3. catch up  赶上，追上

4. introductory  a. 入门的，初步的

5. course  n. 课程

6. assistant dean  （学院）副院长

本段翻译

没错，高中生的编程课对于学习大学计算机科学不是必要的。Carnegie Mellon’s计算机科学学院的系主任Tom Cortina说，没有经验的学生在学过入门课后，也能跟上。

第二段

However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it’s not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers — but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.

单词&词组

1. exposure  n. 接触，体验（新事物）

2. beneficial  a. 有利的，有用的

3. confusing  a. 令人困惑的，难懂的

4. artwork  n. 艺术作品

5. hypothesis  n. 假设，假说

6. transform  v. 转换，（彻底）改变

7. break down  拆分

8. bite-sized  a. 很小的

9. chunk  n. 大块

10. jobs gap  职位空缺

本段翻译

然而，Cortina说，早点接触计算机科学是有好处的。孩子们学习计算机科学后，就会知道它不只是一串令人困惑的字母、数字，而是一种工具，可以设计app、进行艺术创造、或验证假设。比起年龄比他们大的学生，转变思维对他们来说没那么困难。将问题分解，并使用编码解决，这样的做法已变得稀疏平常。培养孩子们这种技能可以使更多人对这一行业感兴趣，并能填补职业空缺。

第三段

Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.

单词&词组

1. pack  v. 塞满，挤满

2. brim  n. 口，边沿

3. determined  a. 有决心的，意志坚定的

4. drive... away  赶跑，使离去

本段翻译

学生们在上大学之前还可以从学习一些有关编码的知识中受益匪浅，在那里，计算机科学入门课程被挤得满满当当，这会把经验不足或意志薄弱的学生赶走。

第四段

The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in,” said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.

单词&词组

1. start  v. 开办，创办

2. bootcamp  n. 训练营

3. curriculum  n. 课程

4. gear  v. 使与……相适应；使适合于

5. instructor  n. 讲师

6. be based on  根据……

本段翻译

Flatiron学校是人们花钱学习编程的地方，它最初是众多编码训练营之一，现在已成为寻求职业转换的成年人的热门课程之一。高中生的课程是一样的，但是“我们试着把课程安排在他们感兴趣的东西上，”教师维多利亚·弗里德曼（Victoria Friedman）说。例如，学生们正在开发的一个应用程序可以根据你的心情推荐电影。

第五段

The students in the Flatiron class probably won’t drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the “Ruby on Rails” language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market. But the skills they learn — how to think logically through a problem and organize the results — apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.

单词&词组

1. drop out  退学，辍学

2. turnover  n. 倾覆、翻转

3. relevant  a. 紧密相关的；切题的

4. consultant  n. 顾问

本段翻译

Flatiron班级的学生可能不会辍学并创办出下一个facebook。编程语言更新很快，所以学生学习的“Ruby on Rails”的编程语言可能到就业后就已经没什么用了。但是他们学到的技能：如何对问题进行逻辑思考，组织结果，都能运用到任何编程语言，北美教育顾问Deborah Seehorn说道。

第六段

Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers — in their pockets, in their offices, in their homes — for the rest of their lives. The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want — the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that — the better.

单词&词组

1. sole  a. 唯一的，仅有的

2. coax  v. 劝诱，哄劝

本段翻译

的确，熨斗学院的学生或许压根就不会进入IT行业。但培养一大批码农并不是这些编程班的唯一目的。在这些孩子以后的生活中，他们身处的环境中到处都有计算机—一他们的口袋里，他们的办公室里，他们的家里。他们越早知道计算机工作原理，知道如何让计算机产生他们想要的结果，就越好，越早知道他们有能力实现上述两点就越好。。

五道题

21. Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to____.

[A] complete future job training

[B] remodel the way of thinking

[C] formulate logical hypotheses

[D] perfect artwork production

22. In delivering lessons for high-schoolers, Flatiron has considered their____.

[A] experience

[B] interest

[C] career prospects

[D] academic backgrounds

23. Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will____.

[A] help students learn other computer languages

[B] have to be upgraded when new technologies come

[C] need improving when students look for jobs

[D] enable students to make big quick money

24. According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to____.

[A] bring forth innovative computer technologies

[B] stay longer in the information technology industry

[C] become better prepared for the digitalized world

[D] compete with a future army of programmers

25. The word “coax” (Para.6) is closest in meaning to____.

[A] persuade

[B] frighten

[C] misguide

[D] challenge

参考答案

BBACA

答案解析

21、根据题干关键同Cortina, early exposure to computer science 定位到第二段，③旬承接②句，继续说明年龄较小的孩子学习计算机的情况他们改变思维过程不会像大龄学生那样难:也就是说，年少时接触计算机科学比成年后才学习计算机更易于改变思维方式，因此[B]正确。

22、第四段②句提到,所有的高中生都上同样的课程，而Flatiron不同之处在于:他们会根据学生们的兴趣调整课程，可见“兴趣”是Flatiron给高中生们上课时所考虑的因素,[B]正确。

23、第五段②③句指出，虽然在Flatiron学到的编程语言更新换代很快,但学到的技能(如何有逻辑地充分思考某个问题并整理结果)将适用干任何一种编码语言，也即“将有助于学生们掌挥其他的计算机语言”,[A]符合文意。

24、第六段②句表明Flatiron的目的不仅限于“培养编码大军”;随后③④句解释Flatiron的其他目的:计算机正在也将继续影响人们的生活，人们越早接触计算机知识，了解其思维方式，让计算机为我所用，就越好，也就是说,Flatiron还致力于“使人更好应对这个数字时代”，因此[C]正确，

25、根据关键词“coax"定位到第六段④句。The younger they learn... the better ( 他们越早学习...就越好)重述全文主旨:让青少年提早学习计算机编码知识很有益处;而由全文可知，让青少年学习计算机编码知识的目的在于利用计算机处理实际问题，也即使用编码语言和计算机对话,向其发出命令，从而开发各种应用(如第四段未句所提的app)以满足生活需求，只有[A]符合这一内容。